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Showing 2 results for Psycho-Emotional Expectations

Mrs Zahra Alibakhshi, Dr. Shahla Kazemipour Sabet, Dr. Khadijeh Barzegar,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (3-2024)
Abstract

Objective: Parents always hold certain expectations for their offspring, and these expectations tend to vary in old age compared to middle-age and youth. Consequently, the primary objective of this study is to ascertain the expectations of elderly men and women in Tehran based on their gender.
Methods: This research adopts a practical orientation, utilizing a deductive-inductive approach and qualitative research methodology. The study is based on documentary analysis and in-depth interviews conducted with elderly individuals residing in Tehran. The statistical population consists of 31 elderly individuals (17 women and 14 men), and interviews were conducted until theoretical saturation was achieved. The analysis of the interviews involved coding and employing the contextual analysis method, leading to the identification and presentation of main categories in the final model for elderly men and women.
Results: The findings indicate that men and women have distinct expectations from their children. The extracted codes were classified into three broad categories: social expectations, societal expectations, and emotional-psychological expectations. Men expressed the highest expectations in the realms of economic and psychological-emotional expectations, while women placed less emphasis on financial expectations and instead prioritized social and psychological-emotional expectations. It is noteworthy that the expectations of the elderly differ when it comes to their sons and daughters.
Conclusions: The gender disparity in expectations has implications not only for the elderly, but also for their children. Expectations outlined for daughters were not applicable to sons, and vice versa. Consequently, it is crucial for the government to pay special attention to these expectations when devising macroeconomic and social programs for the elderly.

Mrs Zahra Ali Bakhshi, Dr. Shahla Kazmipour Sabet,
Volume 6, Issue 4 (12-2024)
Abstract

Objective: The elderly possess distinctive anticipations from their offspring, shaped by their extensive life experiences and comprehension, in addition to the challenges associated with aging, such as diminished physical capabilities. It is imperative that these anticipations be recognized and addressed, as they may manifest either overtly or covertly. Nonetheless, the identification of the expectations harbored by aging parents concerning their children is crucial.
Methods: With regard to practical orientation, employing a deductive-inductive methodology, and classified as quantitative research, the current study was premised on the systematic collection of data from specialists in gerontology, whose statistical population comprised university academics and researchers actively engaged in the field of aging. The statistical sample included twelve individuals, with data gathered separately for elderly females and elderly males. A random sampling technique was employed for the selection process. The acquired data were subsequently analyzed utilizing the Best-Worst Method (BWM), with MATLAB software facilitating the execution of this analytical approach.
Results: The analysis revealed a disparity in expectations between male and female elderly individuals regarding their children. Among the male cohort, the paramount anticipations included economic involvement, preservation of assets and property, alongside the imperative of respect. Conversely, for the female elderly population, the foremost expectations encompassed respect, companionship, empathy, a sense of responsibility, aspirations for a prosperous life from their progeny, coupled with the acceptance and reverence of the elderly being of significant importance.
Conclusions: The findings elucidated that gender plays a pivotal role in shaping expectations from offspring during the later stages of life, with economic and financial anticipations being predominantly significant for men, whereas relational, emotional, and social expectations hold considerable value for women.


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