Volume 7, Issue 2 (June 2025)                   IEEPJ 2025, 7(2): 1-16 | Back to browse issues page


XML Print


Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:

Fathi R, Seyf M H, Negahdari S. (2025). Relationship between Perfectionism and Academic Burnout: Mediating Role of Academic Procrastination and Academic Engagement among Students at Payam Noor University in Shiraz. IEEPJ. 7(2), 1-16. doi:10.22034/ieepj.2025.7.2.957
URL: http://ieepj.hormozgan.ac.ir/article-1-938-en.html
1- Assistant Professor, Department of Energy, Materials and Energy Research Center , Karaj, Iran , r.fathi@merce.ac.ir
2- Associate Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran , Iran
3- Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract:   (2108 Views)
Objective: Academic burnout is prevalent among students; however, the comprehension of factors that predict this phenomenon remains limited. This investigation explored the correlation between perfectionism and academic burnout, with a focus on the mediating role of academic procrastination and academic engagement among undergraduate students at Payame Noor University of Shiraz in 2023.
Methods: This descriptive correlational investigation involved the selection of 120 students via simple random sampling from the overall student population. Participants were required to complete the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Savary Academic Procrastination Questionnaire, the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, and the Academic Engagement Scale.
Results: The outcomes indicated that academic burnout exerts a positive and significant impact on academic procrastination and maladaptive perfectionism; conversely, it demonstrates a negative and significant association with adaptive perfectionism and academic engagement. Furthermore, it was revealed that the dimensions of perfectionism exert an indirect influence on academic burnout through the mediating variables of academic procrastination and academic engagement.
Conclusions: These findings underscore the significance of considering psychological constructs such as perfectionism, procrastination, and academic engagement in the prevention and mitigation of academic burnout among students. This knowledge can inform the development of effective educational and psychological interventions aimed at enhancing students' academic performance.
Full-Text [PDF 440 kb]   (2378 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Original | Subject: Educational Psychology
Received: 2024/11/5 | Accepted: 2025/01/23 | Published: 2025/06/1

References
1. Abbasi, M., Dargahi, S., Pirani, Z., & Bonyadi, F. (2015). Role of procrastination and motivational self-regulation in predicting students' academic engagement. Iranian Journal of Medical Education, 15, 160-169. URL: http://ijme.mui.ac.ir/article-1-3624-en.html
2. Abdollahi, A., Maleki Farab, N., Panahipour, S., & Allen, K. A. (2020). Academic hardiness as a moderator between evaluative concerns perfectionism and academic procrastination in students. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 181(5), 365-374. doi: 10.1080/00221325.2020.1783194. [DOI:10.1080/00221325.2020.1783194]
3. Archambault, I., Janosz, M., Morizot, J., & Pagani, L. (2009). Adolescent behavioral, affective, and cognitive engagement in school: Relationship to dropout. Journal of school Health, 79(9), 408-415. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2009.00428.x. [DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.2009.00428.x]
4. Ayadi, N., Pireinaladin, S., Shokri, M., Dargahi, S., & Zarein, F. (2021). Investigating the mediating role of procrastination in the relationship between positive and negative perfectionism and mobile phone addiction in gifted students. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry, 16(1), 30. Doi: [DOI:10.18502/ijps.v16i1.5375]
5. Balkıs, M. (2013). The relationship between academic procrastination and students' burnout. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(28-1). at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/256627
6. Bowden, J. L.-H., Tickle, L., & Naumann, K. (2021). The four pillars of tertiary student engagement and success: a holistic measurement approach. Studies in Higher Education, 46(6), 1207-1224. [DOI:10.1080/03075079.2019.1672647]
7. Bowers, M. L. (2012). Burnout among undergraduate athletic training students California University of Pennsylvania].
8. Çakır, S., Akça, F., Kodaz, A. F., & Tulgarer, S. (2014). The survey of academic procrastionation on high school students with in terms of school burn-out and learning styles. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 114, 654-662. [DOI:10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.763]
9. Cam, Z., Deniz, K. Z., & Kurnaz, A. (2014). School burnout: Testing a structural equation model based on percieved social support, perfectionism and stress variables. Education and Science, 39(173), 310-325. [DOI:10.15390/ES.2014.1282]
10. Çapri, B., Gündüz, B., & Akbay, S. E. (2013). The study of relations between life satisfaction, burnout, work engagement and hopelessness of high school students. International Education Studies, 6(11), 35-46. DOI:10.5539/ies.v6n11p35 [DOI:10.5539/ies.v6n11p35]
11. Cazan, A.-M. (2015). Learning motivation, engagement and burnout among university students. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 187, 413-417. [DOI:10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.03.077]
12. Chang, E., & Lee, S. M. (2020). Mediating effect of goal adjustment on the relationship between socially prescribed perfectionism and academic burnout. Psychology in the Schools, 57(2), 284-295. [DOI:10.1002/pits.22327]
13. Chang, E., Lee, A., Byeon, E., Seong, H., & Lee, S. M. (2016). The mediating effect of motivational types in the relationship between perfectionism and academic burnout. Personality and individual differences, 89, 202-210. DOI:10.1016/j.paid.2015.10.010 [DOI:10.1016/j.paid.2015.10.010]
14. Chen, W.-W., Yang, X., & Jiao, Z. (2022). Authoritarian parenting, perfectionism, and academic procrastination. Educational Psychology, 42(9), 1145-1159. Doi: 10.1080/01443410.2021.2024513 [DOI:10.1080/01443410.2021.2024513]
15. Choi, H., Cho, S., Kim, J., Kim, E., Chung, J., & Lee, S. M. (2022). The mediating effect of introjected motivation on the relation between perfectionism and academic burnout. Journal of Psychologists and Counsellors in Schools, 32(2), 207-219. [DOI:10.1017/jgc.2020.8]
16. Chun Chu, A. H., & Choi, J. N. (2005). Rethinking procrastination: Positive effects of" active" procrastination behavior on attitudes and performance. The Journal of social psychology, 145(3), 245-264. DOI:10.3200/SOCP.145.3.245-264 [DOI:10.3200/SOCP.145.3.245-264]
17. Dyrbye, L. N., Thomas, M. R., Harper, W., Massie Jr, F. S., Power, D. V., Eacker, A., Szydlo, D. W., Novotny, P. J., Sloan, J. A., & Shanafelt, T. D. (2009). The learning environment and medical student burnout: a multicentre study. Medical education, 43(3), 274-282. • DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2008.03282.x [DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.2008.03282.x]
18. Fehnel, S., Bann, C., Hogue, S., Kwong, W., & Mahajan, S. (2004). The development and psychometric evaluation of the Motivation and Energy Inventory (MEI). Quality of Life Research, 13, 1321-1336. DOI: 10.1023/B:QURE.0000037502.64077.4d [DOI:10.1023/B:QURE.0000037502.64077.4d]
19. Frost, R. O., Marten, P., Lahart, C., & Rosenblate, R. (1990). The dimensions of perfectionism. Cognitive therapy and research, 14, 449-468. [DOI:10.1007/BF01172967]
20. Garratt-Reed, D., Howell, J., Hayes, L., & Boyes, M. (2018). Is perfectionism associated with academic burnout through repetitive negative thinking? PeerJ, 6, e5004. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5004 [DOI:10.7717/peerj.5004]
21. Haghdoost, S. (2023). Examining the Relationship Between Early Maladaptive Schemas and Negative Perfectionism with General Health in the Elderly in Anzali Port, Iran. URL: http://jdisabilstud.org/article-1-2726-en.html
22. Hawkins, C. C., Watt, H. M., & Sinclair, K. E. (2006). Psychometric properties of the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale with Australian adolescent girls: Clarification of multidimensionality and perfectionist typology. Educational and psychological measurement, 66(6), 1001-1022. DOI:10.1177/0013164405285909 [DOI:10.1177/0013164405285909]
23. Holloway, B. (2009). Does procrastination and stress have an affect on your health. Missouri Western State University. http://clearinghouse.missouriwestern.edu/manuscripts/431.php.
24. Ijaz, T., & Khalid, A. (2020). Perfectionism and academic burnout: the mediating role of worry and depressive rumination in university students. Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research, 35(3). [DOI:10.33824/PJPR.2020.35.3.25]
25. Jokste, I. (2021). PERFECTIONISM: RESOURCE OF PATHOLOGY. SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference. Doi: [DOI:10.17770/sie2021vol7.6450]
26. Kathleen, E., & Basaria, D. (2021). The relationship between perfectionism and academic procrastination in college students learning online due to the covid-19 pandemic. International Conference on Economics, Business, Social, and Humanities (ICEBSH 2021). DOI:10.2991/assehr.k.210805.188 [DOI:10.2991/assehr.k.210805.188]
27. Kim, B., Jee, S., Lee, J., An, S., & Lee, S. M. (2018). Relationships between social support and student burnout: A meta‐analytic approach. Stress and Health, 34(1), 127-134. DOI: 10.1002/smi.2771 [DOI:10.1002/smi.2771]
28. Liu, K. (2010). The relationship between academic procrastination and academic achievement in Chinese university students. State University of New York at Buffalo. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8135-7180
29. Ocampo, A. C. G., Wang, L., Kiazad, K., Restubog, S. L. D., & Ashkanasy, N. M. (2020). The relentless pursuit of perfectionism: A review of perfectionism in the workplace and an agenda for future research. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 41(2), 144-168. [DOI:10.1002/job.2400]
30. Oyoo, S., Mwaura, P., Kinai, T., & Mutua, J. (2020). Academic burnout and academic achievement among secondary school students in Kenya. Education Research International, 2020(1), 5347828. [DOI:10.1155/2020/5347828]
31. P. Sederlund, A., R. Burns, L., & Rogers, W. (2020). Multidimensional models of perfectionism and procrastination: seeking determinants of both. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(14), 5099. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17145099 [DOI:10.3390/ijerph17145099]
32. Palacio Sañudo, J. E., Caballero Domínguez, C. C., González Gutiérrez, O., Gravini Gómez, M., & Contreras Santos, K. P. (2012). Relationship between burnout and coping strategies with GPA in university students. Universitas Psychologica, 11(2), 535-544. [DOI:10.11144/Javeriana.upsy11-2.rbea]
33. Paloș, R., Maricuţoiu, L. P., & Costea, I. (2019). Relations between academic performance, student engagement and student burnout: A cross-lagged analysis of a two-wave study. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 60, 199-204. DOI:10.1016/j.stueduc.2019.01.005 [DOI:10.1016/j.stueduc.2019.01.005]
34. Putwain, D. W., & Wood, P. (2023). Riding the bumps in mathematics learning: Relations between academic buoyancy, engagement, and achievement. Learning and Instruction, 83, 101691. [DOI:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2022.101691]
35. Reeve, J. (2012). A self-determination theory perspective on student engagement. In Handbook of research on student engagement (pp. 149-172). Springer. [DOI:10.1007/978-1-4614-2018-7_7]
36. Rostami, Z., Abedi, M., & Schuffli, V. (2011). Standardization of Maslash burnout inventory among female students at University of Isfahan. New Educational Approaches, 6(1), 21-38.
37. Salmela-Aro, K., Kiuru, N., Pietikäinen, M., & Jokela, J. (2008). Does school matter? The role of school context in adolescents' school-related burnout. European psychologist, 13(1), 12-23. [DOI:10.1027/1016-9040.13.1.12]
38. Sapanci, A. (2021). The Mediating Role of Self-Compassion in the Relationship between Perfectionism and Academic Procrastination in Pre-Service Teachers. Journal of Pedagogical Research, 5(4), 214-229. DOI:10.33902/JPR.2021474638 [DOI:10.33902/JPR.2021474638]
39. Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B., & Salanova, M. (2006). The measurement of work engagement with a short questionnaire: A cross-national study. Educational and psychological measurement, 66(4), 701-716. [DOI:10.1177/0013164405282471]
40. Schaufeli, W. B., Martinez, I. M., Pinto, A. M., Salanova, M., & Bakker, A. B. (2002). Burnout and engagement in university students: A cross-national study. Journal of cross-cultural psychology, 33(5), 464-481. [DOI:10.1177/0022022102033005003]
41. Schraw, G., Wadkins, T., & Olafson, L. (2007). Doing the things we do: a grounded theory of academic procrastination. Journal of Educational psychology, 99(1), 12. [DOI:10.1037/0022-0663.99.1.12]
42. Serdar, E., Harmandar Demirel, D., & Demirel, M. (2021). The Relationship between Academic Procrastination, Academic Motivation and Perfectionism: A Study on Teacher Candidates. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology-TOJET, 20(4), 140-149. http://tojet.net/articles/v20i4/20413.pdf
43. Sevari, K. (2011). Construction and standardization of Academic procrastination test. Quarterly of Educational Measurement, 2(5), 1-15.
44. Shareinia, H., Mohammadian, B., & ٍEbrahimi, N. (2019). Assessment of procrastination, academic burnout, academic performance and related factors in nursing students of Gonabad School of Nursing and Midwifery in 2016. Education Strategies in Medical Sciences, 11(6), 12-19. URL: http://edcbmj.ir/article-1-1629-en.html
45. Shih, S.-S. (2012). An examination of academic burnout versus work engagement among Taiwanese adolescents. The Journal of Educational Research, 105(4), 286-298. [DOI:10.1080/00220671.2011.629695]
46. Shim, S. S., Rubenstein, L. D., & Drapeau, C. W. (2016). When perfectionism is coupled with low achievement: The effects on academic engagement and help seeking in middle school. Learning and Individual Differences, 45, 237-244. [DOI:10.1016/j.lindif.2015.12.016]
47. Short, M. M., & Mazmanian, D. (2013). Perfectionism and negative repetitive thoughts: Examining a multiple mediator model in relation to mindfulness. Personality and individual differences, 55(6), 716-721. [DOI:10.1016/j.paid.2013.05.026]
48. Solomon, L. J., & Rothblum, E. D. (1984). Academic procrastination: frequency and cognitive-behavioral correlates. Journal of counseling psychology, 31(4), 503. [DOI:10.1037/0022-0167.31.4.503]
49. Steel, P. (2007). The nature of procrastination: a meta-analytic and theoretical review of quintessential self-regulatory failure. Psychological bulletin, 133(1), 65. DOI:10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.65 [DOI:10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.65]
50. Stoeber, J., & Rambow, A. (2007). Perfectionism in adolescent school students: Relations with motivation, achievement, and well-being. Personality and individual differences, 42(7), 1379-1389. [DOI:10.1016/j.paid.2006.10.015]
51. Stoeber, J., Madigan, D. J., & Gonidis, L. (2020). Perfectionism is adaptive and maladaptive, but what's the combined effect? Personality and individual differences, 161, 109846. [DOI:10.1016/j.paid.2020.109846]
52. Titelius, E. N., Cook, E., Spas, J., Orchowski, L., Kivisto, K., O'Brien, K., Frazier, E., Wolff, J. C., Dickstein, D. P., & Kim, K. L. (2018). Emotion dysregulation mediates the relationship between child maltreatment and non-suicidal self-injury. Journal of aggression, maltreatment & trauma, 27(3), 323-331. DOI: 10.1080/10926771.2017.1338814 [DOI:10.1080/10926771.2017.1338814]
53. Tran, T. X., Vo, T. T. T., & Ho, C. (2023). From academic resilience to academic burnout among international university students during the post-COVID-19 new normal: An empirical study in Taiwan. Behavioral Sciences, 13(3), 206. [DOI:10.3390/bs13030206]
54. Tull, M. T., Weiss, N. H., Adams, C. E., & Gratz, K. L. (2012). The contribution of emotion regulation difficulties to risky sexual behavior within a sample of patients in residential substance abuse treatment. Addictive behaviors, 37(10), 1084-1092. DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.05.001 [DOI:10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.05.001]
55. Wang, M.-T., Willett, J. B., & Eccles, J. S. (2011). The assessment of school engagement: Examining dimensionality and measurement invariance by gender and race/ethnicity. Journal of school psychology, 49(4), 465-480. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsp.2011.04.001 [DOI:10.1016/j.jsp.2011.04.001]
56. Weiss, N. H., Sullivan, T. P., & Tull, M. T. (2015). Explicating the role of emotion dysregulation in risky behaviors: A review and synthesis of the literature with directions for future research and clinical practice. Current opinion in psychology, 3, 22-29. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.01.013 [DOI:10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.01.013]
57. Yosopov, L. (2020). The relationship between perfectionism and procrastination: Examining trait and cognitive conceptualizations, and the mediating roles of fear of failure and overgeneralization of failure The University of Western Ontario (Canada)]. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd
58. Zarean, M., & Karami Isheqlou, L. (2021). The Mediating Role of Academic Procrastination in the Structural Relations between Perfectionism Dimensions and Academic Burnout. Journal of School Counseling, 1(2), 1-19.Doi: 10.22098/jsc.2021.1590
59. Zhang, Y., Gan, Y., & Cham, H. (2007). Perfectionism, academic burnout and engagement among Chinese college students: A structural equation modeling analysis. Personality and individual differences, 43(6), 1529-1540. [DOI:10.1016/j.paid.2007.04.010]

Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA

Send email to the article author


Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.