en روان شناسی تکاملی Evolutionary Psychology پژوهشي Original <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color:#3300ff;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:2;"><b>Objective</b>: The present study aims to examine the psychological dimensions of the main and supporting characters in Fariba Vafi&#39;s novel &quot;After the End&quot; through the lens of psychoanalytic perspectives put forth by Sigmund Freud and Carl Gustav Jung. Vafi, being an eminent contemporary author, delves into women&#39;s issues within the novel, highlighting the significance of psychoanalyzing the female characters.<br> <b>Methods</b>: The utilization of feminist theory, which focuses on women and gender disparities in society, provides a foundational framework for scrutinizing the psychological facets of the female characters in the narrative. Employing a descriptive-analytical methodology, the main and supporting female characters are assessed in accordance with Freud&#39;s three-tiered model of consciousness - conscious, subconscious, and unconscious - and Jung&#39;s classification of individuals into extroverts and introverts based on their orientation towards the outer or inner world.<br> <b>Results</b>: Various psychoanalytical concepts such as Freud&#39;s unconscious mind, repression, sublimation, along with Jung&#39;s theories of introversion and extroversion, are meticulously examined in relation to the characters&#39; development in the novel. The overarching theme of the narrative revolves around the juxtaposition of traditional and contemporary women&#39;s challenges and shortcomings. Despite striving to distance themselves from conventional norms, modern women encounter a persistent internal conflict between societal expectations and progressive ideologies. Both traditional and modern women share a common sense of discontentment with their circumstances. The interactions between men and women in the story underscore a struggle for identity reclamation and reconstruction particularly evident among the female characters.<br> <b>Conclusions</b>: Central to the novel is the recurrent exploration of the narrator&#39;s past and memories, presented through dialogues between two women grappling with social and familial issues. The narrative underscores the foundational role of love in shaping real-life experiences.</span></span></span></span></div> Psychological Analysis, Personality theories, After the End Novel, Feminist theory 309 332 http://ieepj.hormozgan.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-795-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Fatemeh Pourkhalkhali fatemehpouri@yahoo.com 10031947532846009609 10031947532846009609 No PhD student in Persian language and literature, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran Reza Aghayari agayari@iau-ahar.ac.ir 10031947532846009610 10031947532846009610 No Assistant Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran Ramin Sadeghinezhad R-Sadeghinezhad@iau.ac.ir 10031947532846009611 10031947532846009611 Yes Assistant Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran