en روان شناسی تکاملی Evolutionary Psychology پژوهشي Original <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:2;"><span new="" roman="" times=""><strong>Objective:</strong> This study aimed to predict social exchange styles based on personality traits with the mediating role of locus of control.</span><br> <span new="" roman="" times=""><strong>Method:</strong> The present study was a descriptive&ndash;correlational and fundamental research. The statistical population consisted of female students of universities in Tehran during the 2023&ndash;2024 academic year. A sample of 384 participants was selected using the convenience sampling method. Data were collected using the Social Exchange Style Questionnaire (SESQ), the Five‑Factor Personality Inventory (NEO‑FFI), and the Locus of Control Scale. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (PLS3) on 300 participants.</span><br> <span new="" roman="" times=""><strong>Results:</strong> The results showed that dominant individuals had the strongest effects on fairness (&beta; = 0.624) and excessive investment (&beta; = 0.407). Internal locus of control had significant effects on positive exchange styles such as tracking (&beta; = 0.611) and agreeableness (&beta; = 0.487). Chance was associated with negative styles, particularly individualism (&beta; = 0.562) and extraversion (&beta; = 0.540). Examination of indirect paths indicated that locus of control plays an important mediating role between personality traits and exchange styles.</span><br> <span new="" roman="" times=""><strong>Conclusion:</strong> An internal locus of control strengthens more positive and constructive exchange styles and plays a positive mediating role, whereas a chance‑based locus of control is more associated with negative styles such as individualism and reduced fairness. These findings are consistent with previous studies and highlight the importance of considering personality traits and locus of control in improving students&rsquo; social interactions and academic success.</span></span></span></span></span></div> Personality Traits, Locus of Control, Social Exchange Style, Students, Structural Equation Modeling 0 0 http://ieepj.hormozgan.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1182-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Maryam Yousefzadeh Khanghah Yousefzadehm@iau.ac.ir 100319475328460012571 100319475328460012571 No PhD student in Psychology, Department of Psychology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Majid Saffarinia m.saffarinia@pnu.ac.ir 100319475328460012572 100319475328460012572 Yes Professor of Psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran Reza Ghorban Jahromi Ghorbanjahromi@iau.ac.ir 100319475328460012573 100319475328460012573 No Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Alireza Pirkhaefi Pirkhaefia@yahoo.com 100319475328460012574 100319475328460012574 No Associate Professor of Department of Psychology, Ga.C, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Iran